Galaxy catalogs from SAMs calibrated on The Three Hundred hydrodynamical simulations: A method to push the limits toward lower mass galaxies in dark matter only clusters simulations.

Jonathan Gómez

The Three Hundreds project consists of a 324 regions sample simulated with full-physics hydrodynamical re-simulations. They have been produced starting from the dark-matter-only MultiDark Simulations [MDPL2 8], which consists in a 1 h−1 Gpc cube containing 38403 dark matter (DM) particles with a mass of 1.5×109 h−1 Msun each (Low Resolution – LR – DMONLY).
This produces 324 Full-physics hydrodynamics zoom simulations at low resolution (LR HYDRO). With this resolution it is not possible to access a good enough comparison of magnitudes/luminosities between the simulated galaxies with the observation from Euclid or Chances for example. For this reason 324 Dark-matter-only simulations at high resolution (HR DMONLY) were generated. With respect to LR DMONLY, it has twice particles per dimension, thus, 76803, with eight times less mass per particle i.e., 1.8×108 h−1 Msun each. Thanks to this we generated catalogs of galaxies from the Sage and Sag Semi-Analytical Model of galaxy formation using the new HR DMONLY merger trees. To obtain catalogs consistent with a hydrodynamic simulation, the internal physical parameters of Sage and Sag were calibrated
with the Particle swarm optimization (PSO) calibrator using galaxy clusters with M=1014 h−1 Msun from 5 regions of full-physics hydrodynamics zoom simulations at high resolution (HR HYDRO) as HR DMONLY. This calibration was carried out by comparing the cumulative stellar mass function and cumulative luminosity functions from different bands of Sage and Sag with HR HYDRO at 4 different redshifts at the same time. With this calibration, we generate catalogs of galactic properties for the 324 regions in high resolution for all simulation output redshifts from z=17 to z=0 which we can compare the new luminosities with current and upcoming observations. Additionally, since we have confirmed that this calibration is extrapolable to other resolutions, we also generate the same catalogs in a higher resolution, the Super High Resolution DM-ONLY (SHR DMONLY) simulation which contain 153603 DM particles (twice particles per dimension than HR DMONLY) , pushing the limits toward lower mass galaxies.

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